Workout: How to build muscle without weights
| Posted in build muscle , fitness | Posted on Saturday, May 08, 2010
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In the early 20th century it was common occurrence for colonial or missionary physicians to document the health of the native populations they ministered to. From these numerous documents we can observe a distinct pattern emerging that has become common in experience the world over:
- In 1913 Nobel peace prize winning Dr. Albert Schweitzer noted on his arrival in Gabon, Africa “I was astonished to encounter no cases of cancer.” This native population still lived on a traditional diet at the time. Over the next 40 years as civilization crept in and western foods were introduced, Sweitzer would see a steady rise in cancer victims and would attribute this “to the fact that the natives were living more and more after the manner of the whites.”
- In 1902, Dr. Samuel Hutton treated the Inuit on the northern coast of Labrador. He found western diseases were extremely rare. “the most striking is cancer” he said after 11 years. “I have not seen or heard of a case of malignant growth in an Eskimo.” He also noted that “the Eskimo is a meat eater, the vegetable part of his diet is a meager one.” Over time Hutton was able to observe the Inuit who ate the food of the European settlers tended to suffer more from scurvy, were “less rubust, fatigued easier and their children are puny and feeble.”
- Stanislas Tanchou, a French physician who served with Napoleon kept in communication with physicians working in North Africa during the mid 20th century. These doctors remarked that cancer had once been rare or even nonexistent in their regions but the number of cases was now “increasing from year to year, and that this increase stands in connection with the advance of civilization.”
- F.P. Fouche, district surgeon in South Africa reported to the British Medical Journal in 1923 after serving six years at a hospital that ministered to fourteen thousand native Africans that “I never saw a single case of ulcer, colitis, appendicitis or cancer in any form in a native although these diseases were frequently seen among the white or European population.”
- In 1908 physician and anthropologist Ales Hrdlicka, curator of the division of Physical Anthropology at the Smithsonian authored a 460 page report about the health status of Native Americans. After undertaking six expeditions he found that “malignant diseases, if they exist at all (that they do would be difficult to doubt) must be extremely rare.” Among more than two thousand Native Americans he examined he saw only three cases of heart trouble and “not one pronounced instance of advanced arterial sclerosis, no case of appendicitis, ulcer or any grave disease of the liver”. He also noted that the natives lived as long as or longer than the local white population.
- Hrdlicka's observations on cancer were confirmed by Columbia University pathologist Isaac Levin in 1910. Levin surveyed 107 physicians who worked on reservations throughout the Midwestern and Western states. The findings include:
Dr. Chas M. Buchanan who practiced 15 years among two thousand Indians and saw only one case of cancer.
- Dr. Henry E. Goodrich, thirteen years among thirty-five hundred Indians and not a single case of cancer.
- During the year 1914 a survey of physicians working for the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs found that ”among some 63,000 Indians of all tribes, there occurred only 2 deaths from cancer.”
- Over 115,000 Native Americans treated by the doctors in this survey for anywhere from a few months to twenty years and only 29 documented cases of cancer.
- In 1900 W. Roger Williams, a fellow of the British Royal College of Surgeons traveled the world documenting cancer. In Fiji among 120,000 natives there were only two recorded cancer deaths. In Borneo a Dr. Pagel reported that after 10 years in practice he had never seen a case. Proportionally in the U.S. Cancer deaths rose dramatically. In New York from 32 deaths per every 1000 people in 1864 to 67 deaths per every 1000 people in 1900. In Philadelphia, from 31 deaths in 1861 to 70 in 1904. To compare: 120,000 Fijians and only two cancer deaths. 120,000 New Yorkers and 8040 cancer deaths.
American statistician Fredrick Hoffman dedicated most of his career to understanding these observations. In 1937 he wrote a 700 page update of all the evidence entitled “Cancer and Diet” and said that “cancer deaths were increasing “at a more or less alarming rate throughout the entire world.” he also stated that “evidence is convincing that in the opinion of qualified medical observers cancer is exceptionally rare among primitive peoples.”
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